April 11: Saint Stanislaus, Bishop and Martyr
Patron Saint of Poland, soldiers in battle, moral order very little is known for certain about Saint Stanislaus,
since his first biography was not written until more than a
century after his death. His influence upon Poland has
been great. He is believed to have been born and raised in
southern Poland, in the village of Szczepanów. His parents
were prominent and wealthy, as well as devout and charitable. For most of their marriage, they were without children. When his mother conceived Stanislaus later in their
lives, his parents saw their child as a gift from Heaven.
As a youth, Stanislaus became very devout, charitable toward the poor, fervent in mortifications, and dedicated to growth in virtue. As a young man, it is believed that
he was sent to study in the then capital of Poland, Gniezno,
and later completed his theological studies in Paris. After
his parents died, Stanislaus received a huge inheritance,
which he immediately gave to the poor. He was ordained
to the priesthood by the Bishop of Krakow and appointed
canon at the cathedral, became a well-respected preacher,
was later appointed as a pastor, and eventually became the
Vicar General of Krakow, a position of great importance in
the local church. When the Bishop of Krakow died, Stanislaus was chosen as his successor by popular acclaim. At
first he refused the position, but on the explicit order of the
pope, he accepted and was ordained a bishop around the
age of forty-two.
At that time, Bolesław II was King of Poland. Legend has it that Bishop Stanislaus had purchased land for
the church from a man named Piotr. After Piotr’s death,
his three sons disputed the sale and took the matter to the
king. The king, agitated with Bishop Stanislaus for condemning his immoralities, sided with the sons and ordered
that the bishop return the property. Bishop Stanislaus is
said to have asked for three days to produce Piotr as his
witness of the sale. The king and his court laughed and
gave him his three days. After three days of prayer and
fasting, Bishop Stanislaus led a procession to the cemetery
where Piotr’s body was exhumed and the bishop ordered
him to rise, which he did. The group then proceeded to the
king and Piotr testified that he did indeed sell the property,
scolded his sons and returned to his grave.
Tensions continued to grow between the bishop
and the king. Eventually, after the king ignored the bishop’s warnings, Bishop Stanislaus excommunicated
Bolesław. Bolesław held a mock trial and found the bishop
guilty of treason, punishable by death. When Bolesław’s
soldiers refused to carry out the order, Bolesław himself
slew the bishop with his sword while the bishop was celebrating Mass. The legend continues that after Stanislaus’
death, the soldiers were ordered to dismember the bishop’s
body and scatter the pieces on the land to be devoured by
wild beasts. Miraculously, eagles guarded the pieces until
the canons of the cathedral were able to gather them and
bury them properly. Outrage against Bolesław’s actions
quickly reached a fever pitch in the kingdom, and the king
had to flee to Hungary, where he died an unhappy death.